William Coldstream

Sir William Menzies Coldstream (28 February 1908 – 18 February 1987)
 was a British realist painter and a long standing art teacher.

[edit]Born in Northumberland, northern England, he grew up in London and studied

 at the Slade School of Art, University College London where he met and married 

Nancy Sharp. He co-founded the Euston Road School with Graham Bell 

and others in 1937. He enlisted in the Royal Artillery at the start of the war but

 he was appointed a War Artist in 1943, working inEgypt and

In November 1945, he became a visiting teacher at Camberwell School of Arts 
and Crafts, and in 1949 he returned to lead the Slade School as Professor of Fine Art. 
Under his direction the Slade achieved an international reputation for excellence.
 In 1952 he became a CBE and was knighted in 1956. Between 1958 and 1971 he was Chairman of the National Advisory Council on Art
 Education, which published its first report in 1960—called the "Coldstream Report"
—outlining the requirements for a new Diploma in Art and Design (Dip.A.D.).

He was also
 Chairman of the British Film Institute from 1964 to 1971 (he had worked with
 John Grierson in the GPO Film Unit for a few years in the 1930s).
 He retired from the Slade School in 1975, and continued to paint until 1984, 
when his health was in marked decline. 
He died in the Royal Homeopathic Hospital in London on 18 February 1987.

Coldstream was committed to painting directly from life; he once remarked,
 "I lose interest unless I let myself be ruled by what I see". 
His type of realism had its basis in careful measurement,
 carried out by the following method: standing 
before the subject to be painted, a brush is held 
upright at arm's length. With one eye closed, the artist can,
 by sliding a thumb up or down the brush handle,
 take the measure of an object or interval. 
This finding is compared against other objects or intervals, with
 the brush still kept at arm's length. Informed by such measurements,
 the artist can paint what the eye sees without the use of conventional perspective. 
The surfaces of Coldstream's paintings carry many small horizontal and vertical markings,
 where he recorded these coordinates so that they could be verified against reality.

As a result of his painstaking methods, Coldstream worked slowly, often taking scores of
 sittings over several months to complete a work. His subjects include still-life,
 landscapes (usually centered on architecture), portraits, and the female nude.

The Tate Gallery has several of his paintings.